The expansion of naval and army aviation led Consolidated Aircraft Corporation of Buffalo New York to bring all its 800 employees to San Diego, opening a major assembly plant, Convair, which built Navy flying boats. It was here the missionary monks, led by Father Junipero Serra, began their chain of 21 missions throughout California. [26][27] During World War I the U.S. greatly expanded the Navy, and the city was eager to help. San Diego has since become a center of the emerging biotech industry and is home to telecommunications giant Qualcomm. By 1939 the fleet's tuna catch exceeded 100 million pounds. In the 1870s and 1880s, two Chinese Christian missions were organized to help the Chinese with housing, employment, recreational activities, and English language instruction. [95], A civic scandal exploded in 2003 with the discovery that city finances had been manipulated with massive losses in the pension fund scandal. [138] Also in 2012, the parade started from Harvey Milk Street, the first street in the nation to be named after gay civil rights icon Harvey Milk,[139] and proceeded past a huge new rainbow flag, which was raised for the first time on July 20, 2012 to kick off the Pride festival. Led by Edgar Luce, George Marston and Ed Fletcher, the Roosevelt Republican Club became the Lincoln-Roosevelt Republican League. Like Mission San Diego de Alcala and the two assistencias, Mission San Luis Rey is still used as a house of worship. "'A new federal city': San Diego during World War II,". Zucchet's conviction was later overturned. Until the mid-1800s, the mission's church was the largest structure in California. For years UC operated an extension program in San Diego. Wilde called his opponent "Geranium George", painting Marston as unfriendly to business. One, William Heath Davis, spent $60,000 constructing a wharf near the property he had purchased near the foot of today's Market Street. By 1797 the mission had become the largest in California, with a population of more than 1,400 presumably converted Native American "Mission Indians" relocated to and associated with it. [134], As a port city San Diego always had a gay and lesbian community, but it was largely closeted. [17] The United States Census reported the population of the town as 650 in 1850 and 731 in 1860. [72] Unlike other Urban League chapters, it built coalitions with San Diego's Mexican American community. [41][42] The Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA) helped fund the 1935 fair, which was designed by architect Richard S. Glen W. Sparrow, "San Diego" in James H. Savara and Douglas J. Watson, eds., Mario T. GarcÃa, "The Californios of San Diego and the Politics of Accommodation 1846-1860,", Kristin C. Moran, "The Development of Spanish-Language Television in San Diego: A Contemporary History,", Rubén G. Rumbaut, Douglas S. Massey, and Frank D. Bean, "Linguistic Life Expectancies: Immigrant Language Retention in Southern California,", Arthur F. McEvoy, "In Places Men Reject: Chinese Fishermen at San Diego, 1870-1893,", Zeng Ying, "Development of the San Diego Chinese American Community", Robert Fikes, Jr., et al. The first European to visit the region was Juan RodrÃguez Cabrillo in 1542. Page 115 of the first Penguin edition, first published in Penguin 1948. [102] Filner subsequently pleaded guilty to one felony count of false imprisonment and two misdemeanor battery charges, and was sentenced to house arrest and probation. It is open to the public daily during summer (Memorial Day thru Labor Day) from 8:00 AM to 5:30 PM and from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM the rest of the year. It was widely believed that San Diego was selected because it was the preferred choice of President Richard Nixon. In 1957 the campus on a hilltop site called Alcala Park also became home to the Immaculate Heart Major Seminary and St. Francis Minor Seminary. 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